Kenya

Main Subject
Modernization is proceeding rapidly in Kenya; however, it is widening the wage differential between the cities and the farming villages. The number of single mothers is increasing due to the collapse of the traditional family system. An influx of people to the large cities has created slum areas in those cities. As a consequence of these events the child protecting function of the community and family is deteriorating. This has led to many juveniles neglecting their studies, becoming addicted to drugs and becoming delinquent due to the lack of parental supervision. It has become a big social problem. It is said that the number of street children who have moved to cities from the devastated agricultural zone of the country is around 250,000. In addition, there are groups of hooligans in the community because of the high unemployment rate. They put those delinquent children under their control which leads to them becoming offenders.

In Kenya, the Children's Department of the Ministry of Home Affairs and Heritage is in charge of the protection and care of juvenile delinquents and offenders as well as the care of orphans. The child care and protection system is developing but the Children's Department faces difficulties due to the rapid increase in the numbers of child delinquents and offenders. They are having trouble coping with the rapid increase in the numbers of juvenile delinquents. UNAFEI have been dispatching several faculty members to Kenya as short-term specialists of JICA since 1997, and drafted 17 "National Standards for Special Officials, Probation Officials and Staff Members of Facilities for Children" in a 500 page manual. We are supporting the development of the juvenile criminal justice system in Kenya.

This training course started in 2000 for the purpose of the establishing a framework for continuous support of the Children's Department by the UNAFEI professors in Kenya and the improvement of the juvenile delinquent treatment system in Kenya. Officials actively involved in juvenile delinquent protection learn juvenile delinquent treatment systems and its management.

The main topics of the training course are listed below:
1. To present and discuss the current situation of the protection of juvenile delinquents in Kenya.
2. To equip Kenyan participants with the basic knowledge of Japanese juvenile justice and treatment systems.
3. To give them experience of the workings of the juvenile delinquent treatment in Japan in order that they can apply it to the protection of juvenile delinquents in Kenya.
4. To prescribe a specific action plan to be implemented in Kenya in order to improve the Kenyan child protection system and juvenile delinquent treatment system and its implementation based on the above (1), (2) and (3).

Training Course on the Juvenile Delinquent Treatment System for Kenyan Criminal Justice Officials

Course No.	Duration	Participants	No. of Participants
9th	5 – 27 Nov 2008 (Programme for Experienced Practitioners), 5 – 14 Nov 2008 (Programme for Senior Officials)	Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Development, Ministry of Home Affairs, Court, Police, etc.	12
8th	15 Oct – 9 Nov 2007	Dept. of Children’s Services, Probation, Court, Prison, Police	11
7th	10 Oct – 2 Nov 2006	Dept. of Children, Probation Service, Court, Prison, Police etc.	16
6th	17 Oct - 11 Nov 2005	Remand Home, Dept. of Children, Probation Dept., Prisons Service, Women Prison, Court, Police College	16
5th	12 Oct- 5 Nov 2004	Dept of Children, Police , Court, Dept. of Corrections, Probation Services, Dept. of Aftercare	16
4th	4 - 28 Nov 2003	Dept. of Children, Police Force, Court	10
3rd	28 Oct - 22 Nov2002	Dept. of Children	9
2nd	5 - 29 Nov2001	Dept. of Children	8
1st	2 - 24 Oct 2000	Dept. of Children	9

Ngando Preparatory School

Ngando Preparatory School, Kenya

Kenya has experienced rapid modernization in all areas of its society in recent years. This phenomenon causes various kinds of problems. One of the serious problems is that the number of juvenile delinquents has mushroomed.

The purpose of this course is to provide participants with the opportunity to be introduced to the workings of the Japanese juvenile delinquency system and thereby equip them with the knowledge and skills necessary for the effective improvement of the Kenyan child protection system and juvenile delinquency treatment system.

During the course, participants are given the chance to develop understanding of the legal and administrative framework and functions of the juvenile delinquency system of Japan and to have the opportunity of working within juvenile delinquency agencies (i.e., juvenile classification homes, juvenile training schools and probation offices).

Participants conclude this course by presenting their action plans which enable them to consolidate their learning experiences in Japan into practical and realistic projects to be carried out in Kenya for the betterment of their child protection services. This course was started in 2000 and is planed to continue for five years.